{"action":"create","ckan_id":null,"date_created":"Sat, 28 Mar 2026 20:38:16 GMT","date_finished":null,"harvest_job_id":"2a50cf4a-11a1-4635-970a-5b41715ee68a","harvest_source_id":"42273529-7ee7-4bc1-86ef-6fdd60135244","id":"5db3089d-e6fa-4e4a-8229-93d3ba269113","identifier":"https://data.noaa.gov/waf/NOAA/coris/fgdc/iso/xml/nodc_0001955_ISO.xml","parent_identifier":null,"source_hash":"23f571841e7cf88ec13b225f73d142f73e033262d9177a177b103a0ab7a3bb83","source_raw":"\r\n \r\n nodc_0001955\r\n \r\n \r\n eng; USA\r\n \r\n \r\n utf8\r\n \r\n \r\n dataset\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Mr. Patrick C. Caldwell\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA/NESDIS/NODC/NCDDC\r\n \r\n \r\n Hawaii/US Pacific Liaison\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n (808)-956-4105\r\n \r\n \r\n (808) 956-2352\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 1000 Pope Road, MSB 316\r\n \r\n \r\n Dept. of Oceanography\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Hawaii at Manoa\r\n \r\n \r\n Honolulu\r\n \r\n \r\n Hawaii\r\n \r\n \r\n 96822\r\n \r\n \r\n USA\r\n \r\n \r\n caldwell@hawaii.edu\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 8 AM to 5 PM weekdays\r\n \r\n \r\n check services@nodc.noaa.gov if not available\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n pointOfContact\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2020-03-29\r\n \r\n \r\n ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data\r\n \r\n \r\n ISO 19115-2:2009(E)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Summer 2004 Coral Bleaching Event on Tutuila, American Samoa (NODC Accession 0001955)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Douglas Fenner\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n American Samoa's coral reefs have been impacted by a variety of major events, including periodic severe hurricanes, the most recent of which was Hurricane Heta, which was closest on Jan 6, 2004. Other events have included a Crown-of-Thorns seastar outbreak in 1974 and night scuba spearfishing from 1994-2002. Mass coral bleaching occurred in 1994 and then again in the summers of 2002 and 2003, and the bleaching was severe enough to kill some corals. Bi-weekly surveys were made of the reefs at Airport Lagoon. During the peak of the summer bleaching, surveys were made at five other locations. The data given with this data set refer to the percent corals bleached within the survey area.\r\n \r\n \r\n To understand the annual cycle and status in 2004 of coral bleaching at Airport Lagoon, American Samoa.\r\n \r\n \r\n Dept Marine & Wildlife Resources, American Samoa\r\n \r\n \r\n completed\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Douglas Fenner\r\n \r\n \r\n Dept Marine & Wildlife Resources, American Samoa\r\n \r\n \r\n Chief Biologist\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 684 633 4456\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n PO Box 3730\r\n \r\n \r\n Pago Pago\r\n \r\n \r\n American Samoa\r\n \r\n \r\n 96799\r\n \r\n \r\n USA\r\n \r\n \r\n douglasfenner@yahoo.com\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n pointOfContact\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n notPlanned\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n CoRIS_Metadata\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Geoportal Filter\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Coastal studies\r\n \r\n \r\n coral reef\r\n \r\n \r\n coral bleaching\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n None\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Numeric Data Sets > Habitats\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Coastal Habitat\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Benthic Habitat\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Diseases > Bleaching\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Damage Assessment > Visual\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n CoRIS Theme Thesaurus\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Tutuila Island > Alofau (14S170W0054)\r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > Tutuila Island > Alofau (14S170W0054)\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Pago Pago Harbor > Faga'alu (14S170W0005)\r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > Tutuila Island > Faga'alu (14S170W0005)\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Tutuila Island > Fagatele Bay (14S170W0002)\r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > Tutuila Island > Fagatele Bay (14S170W0002)\r\n \r\n \r\n place\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n CoRIS Place Thesaurus\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n South Pacific\r\n \r\n \r\n American Samoa\r\n \r\n \r\n Tutuila Island\r\n \r\n \r\n Nuu'uli\r\n \r\n \r\n Alofau\r\n \r\n \r\n Airport Lagoon\r\n \r\n \r\n Faga'alu\r\n \r\n \r\n Utelei\r\n \r\n \r\n Fagatele\r\n \r\n \r\n place\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n None\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n AmSam\r\n \r\n \r\n place\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n CoRIS Region\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Benthic\r\n \r\n \r\n stratum\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n None\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NODC cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n otherRestrictions\r\n \r\n \r\n Use Constraints: NOAA and NODC would appreciate recognition as the resource from which these data were obtained in any publications and/or other representations of these data.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n otherRestrictions\r\n \r\n \r\n Access Constraints: None\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n eng; USA\r\n \r\n \r\n biota\r\n \r\n \r\n oceans\r\n \r\n \r\n Native Dataset Environment: MS Word and Excel\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n -170.8500\r\n \r\n \r\n -170.5500\r\n \r\n \r\n -14.3833\r\n \r\n \r\n -14.2500\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2003-12-10\r\n 2004-12-05\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Supplemental:Entry_ID: Unknown Sensor_Name: SCUBA Source_Name: manual Project_Campaign: coral bleaching Originating_Center: Dept Marine & Wildlife Resources, American Samoa Storage_Medium: MS Word and Excel Online_size: 100 kbytes Resource Description: NODC Accession Number 0001955\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Entity and Attribute Overview: Original data received in MS Excel spreadsheet in file, ../../data/Bleaching.xls. A redundant ASCII copy was placed in ../../data/Bleaching.csv.The original report was provided in MS Word,../../data/2004_Bleaching_report.docwith a redundant ASCII copy in../../data/2004_Bleaching_report.txt\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Entity and Attribute Detail Citation: none\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n MS Word and Excel\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Data Access Group, User Services Team\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA/NESDIS/National Oceanographic Data Center\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 301-713-3277\r\n \r\n \r\n 301-713-3302\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n SSMC-3 Fourth Floor\r\n \r\n \r\n 1315 East West Highway\r\n \r\n \r\n Silver Spring\r\n \r\n \r\n MD\r\n \r\n \r\n 20910-3282\r\n \r\n \r\n USA\r\n \r\n \r\n services@nodc.noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 8am-5pm, Monday through Friday\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n distributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Prices vary depending on data set, output medium and ordering mechanism. A standard handling charge, with additional costs for special handling, may be added to the basic cost of the data.\r\n \r\n \r\n Ordering Instructions: Prepayment by check, money order or bank card is required. Orders may be placed via fax, email, regular mail, telephone or via the NNDC Online Store.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/1955\r\n \r\n \r\n download\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n dataset\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n none\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n see lineage, process step\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n The percentage of bleached colonies was estimated visually and mentally following a roughly one-hour swim in the lagoon along roughly the same path. The swimming rate was steady and moderate for a SCUBA diver wearing fins. This method results in course resolution. Accuracy subjectly estimated at 10-20%. Craig, P., Birkeland C, Belliveau S. 2001. High temperatures tolerated by a diverse assemblage of shallow-water corals in American Samoa. Coral Reefs 20: 185-189. Goreau, T. J., and Hayes, R. L. 1994. A survey of coral reef bleaching in the south central Pacific during 1994. Report to Coral Reef Intiative, U.S. Dept of State. 118 pp, 54 figures. Green, A. 2002. Status of coral reefs on the main volcanic islands of American Samoa: a resurvey of long term monitoring sites (benthic communities, fish communities, and key macroinvertebrates). Report to Dept. Marine & Wildlife Resources, American Samoa. 86 pp.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Douglas Fenner\r\n \r\n \r\n Dept Marine & Wildlife Resources, American Samoa\r\n \r\n \r\n Chief Biologist\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 684 633 4456\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n PO Box 3730\r\n \r\n \r\n Pago Pago\r\n \r\n \r\n American Samoa\r\n \r\n \r\n 96799\r\n \r\n \r\n USA\r\n \r\n \r\n douglasfenner@yahoo.com\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n processor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Source Contribution: temperature study Source Type: paper\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n High temperatures tolerated by a diverse assemblage of shallow-water corals in American Samoa\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2001-01-01\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n P. Craig\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n C. Birkeland\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n S. Belliveau\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Coral Reefs\r\n \r\n \r\n 20: 185-189\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2001-01-01\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Source Contribution: coral reef bleaching study Source Type: paper\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n A survey of coral reef bleaching in the south central Pacific during 1994\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 1994-01-01\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n T. J. Goreau\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n R. L. Hayes\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Report to Coral Reef Intiative, U.S. Dept of State. 118 pp, 54 figures.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 1994-01-01\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Source Contribution: coral reef status study Source Type: paper\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Status of coral reefs on the main volcanic islands of American Samoa: a resurvey of long term monitoring sites (benthic communities, fish communities, and key macroinvertebrates)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2002-01-01\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n A. Green\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Report to Dept. Marine & Wildlife Resources, American Samoa. 86 pp.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2002-01-01\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n annually\r\n \r\n \r\n 2006-08-01\r\n \r\n \r\n This metadata was automatically generated from the FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata standard (version FGDC-STD-001-1998) using the 2016-01-11 version of the FGDC RSE to ISO 19115-2 transform.\r\n \r\n \r\n Translated from FGDC 2025-03-24T17:45:33.709Z\r\n \r\n \r\n Last Metadata Review Date: 2008-11-13\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Mr. Patrick C. Caldwell\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA/NESDIS/NODC/NCDDC\r\n \r\n \r\n Hawaii/US Pacific Liaison\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n (808)-956-4105\r\n \r\n \r\n (808) 956-2352\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 1000 Pope Road, MSB 316\r\n \r\n \r\n Dept. of Oceanography\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Hawaii at Manoa\r\n \r\n \r\n Honolulu\r\n \r\n \r\n Hawaii\r\n \r\n \r\n 96822\r\n \r\n \r\n USA\r\n \r\n \r\n caldwell@hawaii.edu\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 8 AM to 5 PM weekdays\r\n \r\n \r\n check services@nodc.noaa.gov if not available\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n pointOfContact\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n","source_transform":null,"status":"error"}